Aix-en-Provence is a town 25 kilometres north of Marseille and to the south of the villages of the Luberon in the Bouches-du-Rhone department of Provence. The town is listed as one of less than 100 important Historic Towns in France.
Aix has its origins in ancient times when it was a Celtic capital, then becoming an important Roman town in the 2nd century BC. At the end of the 15th century Aix was the capital of Provence under the successful leadership of King René and several of the buildings and highlights of the town date from this period of prosperity.
This period ended in the 16th century with various political disputes, followed by great suffering for the residents during the Wars of Religion. A second time of great prosperity for the town, also reflected in its architecture, was during the 17th-18th centuries.
Exploring Aix-en-Provence
France This Way review: Aix-en-Provence is a lovely town with lots to see and do, including various museums, so we suggest you spend a night or two here if possible rather than just make a quick 'day trip' visit. Even better, if you are exploring several towns in the region, make Aix-en-Provence your base and spend several nights here.
Aix-en-Provence is a vibrant, lively town with a university founded during the golden era of 600 years ago, and has all you would expect in a Provencal town - sunny squares filled with cafes, broad avenues lined with plane trees, and a substantial historical centre lined with boutiques and attractive houses...and more cafes.
We recommend you start your visit in the Aix-en-Provence tourist office, near the west end of Cours Mirabeau. They have lots of information about the many sights of interest in each part of the town centre, and there are lots that you will overlook without their map!
Cours Mirabeau and fountains
Your visit will start along the main thoroughfare in the town centre, the Cours Mirabeau. This broad street runs east to west through central Aix-en-Provence, and is lined on both sides with grand houses built during the 17th-18th centuries.
You will find that the most imposing houses are on the southern side and most cafes and other activity on the northern side of Cours Mirabeau - and the trees that provide the shade for the cafes stop you seeing both sides together very easily, so you will need to allow time to walk the street in both directions.
The Cours Mirabeau has been much improved over the last few years and it is a lovely street (perhaps not quite the Champs-Elysées but certainly one of our favourite avenues in the south of France) so you will often find yourself here as you explore: large markets are also held in the street on several days of the week
Cours Mirabeau follows the line of the original city rampart (which were unfortunately demolished to make way for the Cours Mirabeau) and is also well known for its 17th - 19th century fountains and you will see several of these as as you explore. Walking from east to west (starting from the Tourist Office) these are:
- The Rotunde (in the middle of a busy roundabout) is the largest, with lions around the base and statues above.
- The Fountain of Nine Canons
- The Mossy Fountain, so-called because it's covered in moss! (Although the fountain of nine canons is also covered in moss).
- The Fountain of King René, at the western end of Cours Mirabeau
At the west end of Cours Mirabeau you reach a large new cultural centre, with a theatre, shops and a large open pedestrianised area, that lead on to some modern new buildings.
The cafes on the Cours Mirabeau are the only ones I have come across in France (out of many hundreds, and including a month spent in Paris) where they automatically add a service charge without asking, as well as putting pressure on you to leave a tip. This is always optional in France and should never be added without your knowledge: especially in cafes where the service was already rather poor. Always check the amount on the card reader before you pay with your bank card!
Elsewhere in the town centre you will come across lots of other fountains.
Running north off Cours Mirabeau from near the Fountain of King René is a very narrow alley called the Agard Passage. This alley is said to contain a cafe which Cézanne frequented called 'The Deux Garcons'. I searched the alley and failed to find it but I am assured it is there!
Aix-en-Provence old town
The main historical town centre of Aix-en-Provence is the area to the north of Cours Mirabeau around the town hall and cathedral, and south of Cours Mirabeau around the Place des Quatre Dauphins and its 17th century fountain. You will also notice that there is a great deal of Baroque architecture - in fact there are more Baroque buildings in Aix than any other city in France except Paris and Versaille.
There are various sights to enjoy but it is the overall setting and ambiance that is really the main appeal. In this region of Aix-en-Provence there are a great number of attractive streets, often with grey-shuttered, pastel-coloured houses and many of them now converted at ground level into shops, cafes and boutiques.
There are also an improbably large number of shady open squares, often with fountains and cafes. Some of the particular buildings and monuments of interest that you will discover include:
- The Saint Sauveur cathedral. Notable features of the cathedral include the cloisters and the carvings of the entrance. Another highlight of the cathedral is inside - the 'Burning Bush triptych by Nicolas Froment showing Moses receiving the word of God from an angel. The main characters in the two side panels are King René and his second wife. See Saint-Sauveur cathedral for details.
- The cathedral baptistry, incorporated in the cathedral, has very ancient origins: it dates from the 4th-5th century and incorporates 2nd century columns from an even more ancient church
- The Town Hall, an ornate 17th century building with an Italian style facade. You can also see a very impressive 16th century clocktower near the town hall. On Saturdays, Tuesdays and Thursdays the square in front of the Town Hall holds a popular flower market which is a lovely sight.
- The Law Courts, dating from 1832 (I found it a bit characterless but I'm no expert!)
- The traditional Grain Market (Halle aux Grains) on the Place Albertas
On the edge of the centre, you should also visit the Place des Prêcheurs (the locals call the square the Place de la Madeleine) where there is a very impressive baroque style church to see, and an obelisk as well as the Palace of Justice. The interior of the church was closed when we visited but the outside is very impressive.
A market takes place in this square each Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday with an emphasis on organic and local products.
As well as these principal monuments in Aix-en-Provence, it is the numerous speciality art shops, boutiques and cafes, cake shops and chocolatiers, that make Aix such a pleasure to explore: lovely to look at even if you don't want to spend all day eating and shopping!
More highlights in Aix-en-Provence
A short distance north-west of the centre, the very lovely Pavillon de Vendome is a grand house built in the 17th century for the Cardinal de Vendome and with an equally perfect garden to the front. The directions to the house are not very well signposted but it is perhaps the single most impressive building in Aix-en-Provence and well worth a visit. There are plenty of benches around the garden to sit and recover from walking the streets if you get lost on your way here!
Also in this part of the town is the original site of Roman baths, called Thermes Sextius. There is now a more recent spa facility on the site but if you stroll into the entrance you can see part of the original Roman baths.
To the south-east of the city centre as you explore the streets around the Place des Quatre Dauphins you will see another important church: the Church Saint-Jean-de-Malta. Situated at the end of Rue Cardinale, this was the first gothic church to be built in Provence.
Cezanne in Aix-en-Provence
Art enthusiasts will also want to visit Cezanne's studio in Aix-en-Provence. This is a short walk from the cathedral and has been preserved as it was a century ago at the time of the artist's death.
The Cezanne theme continues at the Painters' Park (Terrain des Peintres) just on the edge of Aix-en-Provence and easily reached on foot from his studio. It is here that Cezanne himself as well as other impressionist painters would come to paint the surrounding landscape and the views across the Mont Sainte-Victoire.
The Aix tourist office have a useful leaflet with a trail that follows in the footsteps of Cezanne in the town, from birthplace to cemetery, and is a fascinating way to explore for enthusiasts of the artist.
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Museums in Aix-en-Provence
There are several interesting museums to be found in the town: some of these are rather specialist so your favourite will of course depend on your particular interests:
- the Granet Museum, an art museum with some very impressive exhibits of painting and sculptures, is the most important and most visited museum in Aix-en-Provence. Apart from the 'classical rooms' that have art from the 14th to 19th centuries the highlights are the Cezanne Room, with nine paintings by Cezanne; and the collection of Modern Art (Klee, Picasso, Mondrian...)
- the Museum of Natural History, best known for its dinosaurs and dinosaur eggs
- the Museum of Old Aix, presenting the history of the town
- the Museum of Tapestries with a collection of impressive 17th century tapestries
Attractions nearby
There are various places of interest in the area around Aix-en-Provence, although the most popular are all about an hour drive away. For lovely villages and scenery we suggest you travel north to explore the beautiful Luberon region; for another important Provencal town you can visit Arles to the west.
For one of the most colourful cities in France travel south to Marseille; and for a charming coastal town with a beach and the chance of a boat trip along the calanques of Marseille (beautiful!) we suggest you travel south-east to Cassis.
You can find more travel ideas in the Bouches-du-Rhone guide and the Provence guide.
To make travel arrangements to visit Aix-en-Provence see HERE
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Map of Aix-en-Provence and places nearby
Places to visit near Aix-en-Provence
Church Saint-Jean-de-Malte
The Church Saint-Jean-de-Malte is the oldest gothic church in Provence, built in the 13th century
Church Saint-Jean-de-Malte guide
Cathedral of Aix-en-Provence
The Cathedral of Aix-de-Provence has 5th century origins and an impressive baptistery and cloister
Cathedral of Aix-en-Provence guide
Pertuis
Pertuis is a small Provencal town to the south of the Luberon Regional Natural Park
Pertuis guide
Extraordinary Museum of Georges Mazoyer
Museum featuring an eclectic collection of objects discovered in the ocean and various works of art by Georges Mazoyer
Extraordinary Museum of Georges Mazoyer guide
Ansouis
The quaint medieval centre, the castle and the views from Ansouis make it one of our favourite Luberon villages
Ansouis guide
... or see ALL recommended places to visit in Bouches-du-Rhone
Tourist classifications for Aix-en-Provence
Aix-en-Provence is classified as a historical protected town centre' (secteur sauvegardé)
Address: Aix-en-Provence, Provence, 13090, France || GPS coordinates: latitude 43.524, longitude 5.4541
Plan your visit to Aix-en-Provence, Bouches-du-Rhone
Sightseeing & tourist attractions to visit nearby
- Jardin d'Albertas: remarkable garden (8 km)
- Jardin d'Eguilles: remarkable garden (9 km)
- Montagne Sainte-Victoire: grand site of france (16 km)
- Jardin du château de Val Joanis: remarkable garden (19 km)
- Zoo de La Barben: zoo or wildlife park (23 km)
- Ansouis: most beautiful village (24 km)
- Abbaye de Silvacane (La Roque-d'Antheron): religious monument (24 km)
- Marseille: town of art and history (26 km)
- Chateau d'If: national monument (26 km)
- Parc du 26e Centenaire: remarkable garden (27 km)
- Lourmarin: most beautiful village (28 km)
- Jardin à la française du Pavillon de Galon: remarkable garden (28 km)
Market days in Aix-en-Provence, France
Regular market(s) are held in Aix-en-Provence each every day except Sunday. (Markets are held in the morning unless stated.)
The French version of this page is at Aix-en-Provence (Francais)